A Guide to Electric Vehicles

From battery technology to maintenance information, there's plenty to learn about purchasing and owning an electric vehicle.

Curious about making the switch from an ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) vehicle? Shopping for an EV can seem intimidating. Learn about BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle) maintenance and the benefits of owning a zero-emissions vehicle. In honor of electric vehicles and their wonderful qualities, we’re sharing all you should know about EV ownership.

Battery Technology

Did you know that a new study found the lifetime carbon emissions of EVs is much lower than previously expected? That’s great news if you’re considering purchasing an EV to contribute to cleaner air. Now, let’s dive into some important battery technology terms:

• Auxiliary battery: Provides electricity to power the vehicle’s accessories.
• Electric traction motor: Uses electricity to drive the vehicle’s wheels.
• Traction battery pack: Delivers electricity to the electric traction motor.
• Charge port: Connects the vehicle to an exterior power supply so the auxiliary and traction battery packs can be charged.
• Thermal system: Keeps the motor and other components from overheating.
• Power electronics controller: Manages the flow of electricity from the traction battery pack to the motor.

Since EV engines don’t rely on a system of moving gears, they are able to generate more torque than gas-powered vehicles. Expect instant acceleration, with power coming directly from the battery to the wheels.

Electric Car Shopping: New vs. Used

The decision between new or used is one of the biggest choices every car buyer faces—even when it comes to EVs. As with ICE vehicles, there are several pros and cons. For instance, there are perks like federal tax credits for eligible new EV purchases.

Things to consider when purchasing a new vs. used EV:

• Incentives: Aside from the federal tax credit, you may still qualify for state or local incentives. Check out our EV incentives guide for details by state.
• Technology: Features evolve with each model year, so decide whether having the latest tech is important before buying.
• Cost: As with most used cars, you’ll typically pay far less for a used EV than a new model.
• Battery warranty: Many automakers offer separate warranties for batteries—often eight years or 100,000 miles, sometimes longer (e.g., in California).
• Maintenance: Overall, EV maintenance costs are lower than ICE vehicles.

Either way, it’s important to research the vehicle you’re shopping for. You’ll still need to sort out financing, insurance, and choosing the make and model that fits your needs. Ultimately, it comes down to weighing the pros and cons based on your situation and preferences.

Electric Vehicle Ownership & Maintenance

As mentioned, EV maintenance is generally lower—but that doesn’t mean it’s nonexistent.

Helpful Do’s and Don’ts for BEV care:

Don’ts

• Don’t undercharge your battery. Leaving your EV with little to no charge for too long wears it down.
• Don’t overcharge your battery. Charging to 100% regularly can reduce its lifespan. Aim for around 80%.
• Don’t neglect the brakes. Regenerative braking systems require more attention than conventional systems.
• Don’t quick-charge too frequently. Frequent DC fast charging can reduce capacity by about 1% per year.

Do’s

• Do keep your vehicle tidy. Less weight means more efficiency.
• Do perform regular maintenance. Check fluid levels and replace filters as needed.
• Do find an EV-specific mechanic. Specialized expertise is key.
• Do schedule tire checks. EVs can wear tires faster than ICE vehicles.
• Do prep for cold weather. Precondition your battery and conserve energy in winter.
• Do protect against heat. Store in shade or a garage to protect range, battery life, and tires.
• Do store properly if unused. Use trickle charging and disable energy-draining features.

EV Charging at Home

To reduce reliance on quick charging and extend battery health, home charging is the best option. Benefits include convenience, cost-efficiency, and safety. In some areas, rebates are available for installing a residential charging station.

Key considerations for home charging:

• Cost efficiency: Home charging often pays for itself compared to frequent public charging fees.
• Level 1 vs. Level 2 chargers:
  • Level 1 plugs into a standard 120V outlet but takes 20+ hours for a full charge.
  • Level 2 requires a 240V circuit and professional installation, charging up to five times faster.
• Safety: Ensure your charger is UL listed for proper safety testing.
• Solar integration: Pairing with solar panels can lower costs and support sustainability.

Final Thoughts

We commit to cleaner air, lower emissions, and a more sustainable future—because today is our opportunity to benefit everything and everyone on our planet. Join us by making your next vehicle an electric vehicle.